Mammography

Mammograms are low-dose x-rays of the breast used in the detection of cancer. There are baseline, screening and diagnostic mammograms.

Baseline Mammograms

The most recent recommendations are for women who are 40 years old to schedule a baseline mammogram. This first mammogram is not only evaluates breast health, but is also used as a comparison for future mammograms, helping radiologists determine if there are changes over time. 

Screening Mammograms

A screening mammogram is an annual procedure that is generally used for early detection of breast cancer in those who have no symptoms or signs . It generally includes two or more images of each breast and can take from 15 to 30 minutes.  

Diagnostic Mammograms

Diagnostic mammograms are done on those individuals who are experience symptoms, such as nipple pain, a lump, discharge, thickening or shape or size change in the breasts. Diagnostic mammograms may be followed by targeted breast ultrasound for further evaluation. 

What is Looked for in a Mammogram

Radiologists are looking for different signs when evaluating mammogram images. 

Calcifications
 Mineral deposits that appear as white spots. There are two categories of calcifications:

• Macrocalcifications - These calcium deposits are generally large and coarse in appearance. Possible causes include injuries or inflammation of the breast tissue or aging. Macrocalcifications are common in women 50 and older and are generally benign. 
• Microcalcifications - More concerning to providers, but not necessarily a sign of cancer. The small calcium spots are monitored, and in some cases, a biopsy is performed for further evaluation. 

Masses
Masses are abnormalities in the breast tissue. There are many different things that could cause a mass, the most common being cysts and tumors..

• Cyst - This is a benign, fluid-filled pocket in the breast and does not usually require a biopsy. In some instances, a biopsy will be performed to determine if it is a cyst or solid mass. 
• Tumor - These solid masses are of more concern to providers and are monitored closely for changes. Testing of the mass could include additional mammograms, ultrasounds and/or biopsies. 

How to Prepare for a Mammogram

• Make sure the facility where the mammogram is being performed has access to your previous mammogram (if any).
• Try to schedule your mammogram at times when the breasts are not sensitive or swollen. Avoid the week before your period if at all possible.
• Wear separates so you only need to remove your top and bra. 
• Be prepared with any details about changes in your breasts.
• Because some hygiene products contain ingredients that appear as white spots on the x-rays, avoid using the following on the breasts or underarms until after your mammogram:
  • Deodorant/antiperspirant
  • Powder
  • Lotion
  • Cream
  • Perfume

Walk-In Mammo Mondays
Patients whose previous images are on file at Greene County Medical Center and it has been at least one year since their last mammogram can simply walk in on any Monday from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. and request their screening mammogram. Patients experiencing symptoms will need to contact their primary care provider to schedule a diagnostic mammogram.